Monument record TR 04 NE 3 - Roman and Saxon burial ground, Tremworth Downs
Summary
Location
Grid reference | TR 0632 4932 (point) FCE |
---|---|
Map sheet | TR04NE |
County | KENT |
District | ASHFORD, KENT |
Civil Parish | CRUNDALE, ASHFORD, KENT |
Map
Type and Period (2)
Full Description
[TR 06324933] Roman & Saxon Remains found A.D. 1757 (NAT) (1) On Tremworth Downs on each side of a hollow road about three quarters of a mile west of Crundale and within quarter mile of the River Stour, a burial ground of both Roman and Saxon date was dug into in 1703 by the then rector, in 1713 by the Earl of Winchelsea, and in 1757 and 1759 by Faussett. The earlier cremations probably date to pre-mid-C3rd AD and the later inhumations include one, probably a woman dating to the immediate post-Roman era. A sword pommel, now in the British Museum, date to the C7th AD. (2-4) The site of this burial ground falls just below the summit of a ridge, partly in arable, partly in woodland. There is nothing to be seen and there is no record of any subsequent finds. (5) TR 062494. Inhumation cemetery - Crundale. The site is chiefly a Roman cremation cemetery; but there are some inhumation graves and some of these are certainly Anglo-Saxon. In 1703 a skull was found by a walker; and afterwards a human skeleton with an urn of Roman form was uncovered. Near by was a child's skeleton with a little red pot. In 1713 a grave, well dug in the chalk, was found containing three urns. The excavations by Faussett in 1757 and 1759 are well documented (6). The Henry Durden Collection, a large part of which was purchased by the British Museum in 1892, contained antiquities said to have been found at Crundale (7) in 1858 (8). There seems to have been some confusion in Durden's notes, and it is possible that some of these objects were found at the Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Sarre (TR 26 NE 11) (7). Among the finds of 1858 were a buckle of Bronze, plated with silver and gold and inlaid with garnets, 6.02 inches long, and a flat annular brooch of silver parcel gilt, diameter 3.06 inches. This is the well known brooch always thought to have come from Sarre (6). Upon "the loop of the pin is a figure of a dove, and two similar figures are fixed upon the feat outer ring facing the opening of the brooch, one so adjusted as to revolve" (7,8). The buckle, British Museum Acc No 93 6-1 204, is among several assessed in a study of cross-hatched goldfoil as backing for garnet and glass settings on jewellery of the C6th and C7th (9). References to the purchase of this buckle and the undoubtedly C7th (12) sword with the ornamental hilt in the archives of the British Museum reveal that it is highly probable that they came form the same grave. Information from D.M Wilson (10,11). (6-12) Crundale buckle mentioned. (13) Additional bibliography - not consulted. (14-16)
Andrew Richardson, 2000, Gazetteer of Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries and Burial-Sites in Kent (Unpublished document). SKE29253.
<1> OS 6" 1951 (OS Card Reference). SKE48363.
<2> Invent Sep 1856 177-198 (B Faussett ed C R Smith) (OS Card Reference). SKE44487.
<3> VCH Kent vol 1 1908 367-8 fig (R A Smith) (OS Card Reference). SKE51196.
<4> VCH Kent vol 3 1932 151 (R F Jessup & M V Taylor) (OS Card Reference). SKE51214.
<5> F1 CFW 21-MAY-1963 (OS Card Reference). SKE42691.
<6> Gazetteer of Early AS Burial Sites 1964 116 (A Meaney) (OS Card Reference). SKE43574.
<7> PSA 2nd Series 14 1891-3 314-5 (G Payne) (OS Card Reference). SKE48811.
<8> Arch Cant 21 1895 l-li (G Payne) (OS Card Reference). SKE34831.
<9> Md Arch 21 1977 20 (R Avent & D Leigh) (OS Card Reference). SKE46604.
<10> Md Arch 2 1958 81 (G Haseloff) (OS Card Reference). SKE46593.
<11> Anglo-Saxon Art to AD 900 1938 86 100-2 (T D Kendrick) (OS Card Reference). SKE33091.
<12> Anglo-Saxon Ornamental Metalwork 700-1100 in British Mus 1964 64 (D M Wilson) (OS Card Reference). SKE33094.
<13> Archaeologia 98 1961 148 150 (G C Dunning & V I Evison) (OS Card Reference). SKE37325.
<14> The Arts in Early Eng 3 1915 plate 73 1 (G Baldwin Brown) (OS Card Reference). SKE50087.
<15> The Anglo Saxons in Eng 1926 fig 222 N Aberg (OS Card Reference). SKE49931.
<16> IPEK 9 1934 Tf 28 12 (OS Card Reference). SKE44506.
<17> Field report for monument TR 04 NE 3 - May, 1963 (Bibliographic reference). SKE5119.
Sources/Archives (18)
- --- SKE29253 Unpublished document: Andrew Richardson. 2000. Gazetteer of Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries and Burial-Sites in Kent.
- <1> SKE48363 OS Card Reference: OS 6" 1951.
- <2> SKE44487 OS Card Reference: Invent Sep 1856 177-198 (B Faussett ed C R Smith).
- <3> SKE51196 OS Card Reference: VCH Kent vol 1 1908 367-8 fig (R A Smith).
- <4> SKE51214 OS Card Reference: VCH Kent vol 3 1932 151 (R F Jessup & M V Taylor).
- <5> SKE42691 OS Card Reference: F1 CFW 21-MAY-1963.
- <6> SKE43574 OS Card Reference: Gazetteer of Early AS Burial Sites 1964 116 (A Meaney).
- <7> SKE48811 OS Card Reference: PSA 2nd Series 14 1891-3 314-5 (G Payne).
- <8> SKE34831 OS Card Reference: Arch Cant 21 1895 l-li (G Payne).
- <9> SKE46604 OS Card Reference: Md Arch 21 1977 20 (R Avent & D Leigh).
- <10> SKE46593 OS Card Reference: Md Arch 2 1958 81 (G Haseloff).
- <11>XY SKE33091 OS Card Reference: Anglo-Saxon Art to AD 900 1938 86 100-2 (T D Kendrick). [Mapped feature: #38645 cemetery, ]
- <12> SKE33094 OS Card Reference: Anglo-Saxon Ornamental Metalwork 700-1100 in British Mus 1964 64 (D M Wilson).
- <13> SKE37325 OS Card Reference: Archaeologia 98 1961 148 150 (G C Dunning & V I Evison).
- <14> SKE50087 OS Card Reference: The Arts in Early Eng 3 1915 plate 73 1 (G Baldwin Brown).
- <15> SKE49931 OS Card Reference: The Anglo Saxons in Eng 1926 fig 222 N Aberg.
- <16> SKE44506 OS Card Reference: IPEK 9 1934 Tf 28 12.
- <17> SKE5119 Bibliographic reference: Field report for monument TR 04 NE 3 - May, 1963.
Finds (4)
Protected Status/Designation
- None recorded
Related Monuments/Buildings (0)
Related Events/Activities (3)
- Intrusive Event: Excavation, Tremworth Downs, 1703 (Ref: EI 14733) (EKE3800)
- Intrusive Event: TREMWORTH DOWNS (Ref: EI 14577) (EKE3727)
- Intrusive Event: TREMWORTH DOWNS (Ref: EI 14734) (EKE3801)
Record last edited
Nov 1 2022 2:05PM