TR 35 SE 6 - Deal Castle - Historic Environment Record

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Monument record TR 35 SE 6 - Deal Castle

Summary

The largest of Henry VIII's coastal forts and the centrepiece of three castles built to protect the Downs. Deal, Walmer and Sandown Castles were built in 1539-40 as protection for the coast and the anchorage of the Downs, the stretch of water sheltered by the Goodwin Sands. These defences were commisioned in response to a threatened invasion by the forces of France and Spain. They were garrisoned by the end of 1540. The stone castles were linked by an entrenchment interspersed with earth bulwarks. During the Kentish uprising which followed the execution of Charles I in 1648, the garrisons of the Downs castles along with the Downs fleet joined the rebels. The castles were besieged by Parliamentary forces and eventually recaptured, Deal being 'much torn and spoiled with the granadoes' according to Colonel Rich. In the Anglo-Dutch wars the castles performed their intended role in protecting shipping in the Downs but were increasingly obsolete as fortresses. By the eighteenth century military requirements gave way to increased domestic functions. Deal served as a residence for the holder of the honorary post of Captain. In 1802 in anticipation of Lord Carrington's residence, the Governor's Lodgings, which had been built over the courtyard nearly 80 years before were demolished and rebuilt. This building was destroyed by bombing in World War II and the bastion was later restored to its earlier form.

Location

Grid reference	Centred TR 3777 5219 (99m by 99m) FCE
Map sheet	TR35SE
Civil Parish	DEAL, DOVER, KENT
County	KENT
District	DOVER, KENT

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Type and Period (1)

CASTLE (Post Medieval to Modern - 1540 AD to 2050 AD?)

Full Description

Sebastian Fry, A History of the National Heritage Collection, Volume Two: 1900-1913 The Offices of War, Woods and Works (Monograph). SKE55412.

<1> OS 25" 1958 (OS Card Reference). SKE48274.

<2> MHLG (1035/11/A June 1947). 18-19 (OS Card Reference). SKE46903.

<3> F1 ASP 18-JUN-64 (OS Card Reference). SKE42167.

<4> Deal & Walmer Castles, 1963 (MOW) (OS Card Reference). SKE39691.

<5> Deal and Walmer Castles, Eng Heritage Guide 1988, 5-17, 21-29, photos, plan (AD Saunders) (OS Card Reference). SKE39693.

<6> English Her Handbook, 1987, (BH St J O'Neill) (OS Card Reference). SKE41610.

<7> Hist of the King's Works 4 (2), 1982, 369, 374, 404-5, 457-61 (HM Colvin ed) (OS Card Reference). SKE44039.

<8> Castles. An Intro to the Castles of England and Wales 1953, 24 (BH St J O'Neill) (OS Card Reference). SKE38643.

<9> A Handbook of Kent's Defences 1540-1945, 1977, 30 (DH Bennett) (OS Card Reference). SKE32810.

<10> The Castles of Great Britain 1953, 266, 267 (S Toy) (OS Card Reference). SKE50261.

<11> A Hist of Fortification 3000 BC-AD 1700, 1955, 246 (S Toy) (OS Card Reference). SKE32814.

<12> Archaeol Cant 23, 1898, 24-30 (WL Rutton) (OS Card Reference). SKE37215.

<13> Archaeol Cant 126, 1969, 217-19 (A Saunders) (OS Card Reference). SKE37210.

<14> Castellarum Anglicanum 1, 1983, 229 (DJ Cathcart King) (OS Card Reference). SKE38619.

<15> The English Castle 1936, 110 (H Brown) (OS Card Reference). SKE50348.

<16> VCH Kent 1, 1908, 440 (I Chalkley Gould and EA Downman) (OS Card Reference). SKE50926.

<17> Country Life 88, 1940, 190-4 (A Oswald) (OS Card Reference). SKE39460.

<18> Country Life 17, 1905, 656-7 (CJ Cornish) (OS Card Reference). SKE39405.

<19> BOE North East and East Kent 1983, illus, 282-83 (J Newman) (OS Card Reference). SKE38273.

<20> Castles of England 1, 1897, 13 (JD Mackenzie). Not consulted (OS Card Reference). SKE38635.

<21> Field report for monument TR 35 SE 6 - June, 1964 (Bibliographic reference). SKE6075.

<22> Oxford Archaeological Unit, 1996, Proposed Supermarket Development, West Street, Deal, Kent (Unpublished document). SKE7108.

<23> Victor Smith and Andrew Saunders, 2001, Kent's Defence Heritage (Unpublished document). SKE6956.

<24> Historic England, 2015, Deal Castle, Victoria Road, Deal, Kent, Tree-ring analysis of oak and pine timbers (Unpublished document). SKE32334.

<25> English Heritage, Register of Scheduled Monuments (Scheduling record). SKE16191.

<26> OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Types: CASTLE (Photograph). SKE1316.

<27> Next Perspectives consortium via English Heritage, 2003, 2007, Next Perspective PGA georeferenced aerial photograph data (Graphic material). SWX15711.

<28> OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Types: CASTLE (Photograph). SKE1316.

Sources/Archives (29)

--- SKE55412 Monograph: Sebastian Fry. A History of the National Heritage Collection, Volume Two: 1900-1913 The Offices of War, Woods and Works.
<1> SKE48274 OS Card Reference: OS 25" 1958.
<2> SKE46903 OS Card Reference: MHLG (1035/11/A June 1947). 18-19.
<3> SKE42167 OS Card Reference: F1 ASP 18-JUN-64.
<4> SKE39691 OS Card Reference: Deal & Walmer Castles, 1963 (MOW).
<5> SKE39693 OS Card Reference: Deal and Walmer Castles, Eng Heritage Guide 1988, 5-17, 21-29, photos, plan (AD Saunders).
<6> SKE41610 OS Card Reference: English Her Handbook, 1987, (BH St J O'Neill).
<7> SKE44039 OS Card Reference: Hist of the King's Works 4 (2), 1982, 369, 374, 404-5, 457-61 (HM Colvin ed).
<8> SKE38643 OS Card Reference: Castles. An Intro to the Castles of England and Wales 1953, 24 (BH St J O'Neill).
<9> SKE32810 OS Card Reference: A Handbook of Kent's Defences 1540-1945, 1977, 30 (DH Bennett).
<10> SKE50261 OS Card Reference: The Castles of Great Britain 1953, 266, 267 (S Toy).
<11> SKE32814 OS Card Reference: A Hist of Fortification 3000 BC-AD 1700, 1955, 246 (S Toy).
<12> SKE37215 OS Card Reference: Archaeol Cant 23, 1898, 24-30 (WL Rutton).
<13> SKE37210 OS Card Reference: Archaeol Cant 126, 1969, 217-19 (A Saunders).
<14> SKE38619 OS Card Reference: Castellarum Anglicanum 1, 1983, 229 (DJ Cathcart King).
<15> SKE50348 OS Card Reference: The English Castle 1936, 110 (H Brown).
<16> SKE50926 OS Card Reference: VCH Kent 1, 1908, 440 (I Chalkley Gould and EA Downman).
<17> SKE39460 OS Card Reference: Country Life 88, 1940, 190-4 (A Oswald).
<18> SKE39405 OS Card Reference: Country Life 17, 1905, 656-7 (CJ Cornish).
<19> SKE38273 OS Card Reference: BOE North East and East Kent 1983, illus, 282-83 (J Newman).
<20> SKE38635 OS Card Reference: Castles of England 1, 1897, 13 (JD Mackenzie). Not consulted.
<21> SKE6075 Bibliographic reference: Field report for monument TR 35 SE 6 - June, 1964.
<22> SKE7108 Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 1996. Proposed Supermarket Development, West Street, Deal, Kent.
<23> SKE6956 Unpublished document: Victor Smith and Andrew Saunders. 2001. Kent's Defence Heritage.
<24> SKE32334 Unpublished document: Historic England. 2015. Deal Castle, Victoria Road, Deal, Kent, Tree-ring analysis of oak and pine timbers.
<25>XY SKE16191 Scheduling record: English Heritage. Register of Scheduled Monuments. [Mapped feature: #959 Castle, ]
<26> SKE1316 Photograph: OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Types: CASTLE. 3752/7/158. Black and White. Negative.
<27> SWX15711 Graphic material: Next Perspectives consortium via English Heritage. 2003, 2007. Next Perspective PGA georeferenced aerial photograph data.
<28> SKE1316 Photograph: OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Types: CASTLE. 3752/7/158. Black and White. Negative.

Finds (0)

Protected Status/Designation

Scheduled Monument 1013380: ARTILLERY CASTLE AT DEAL

Related Monuments/Buildings (3)

Related Events/Activities (1)

Intrusive Event: Deal Castle, Victoria Road, Deal, Kent, Tree-ring analysis of oak and pine timbers (Ref: 39-2015) (EKE16199)

Record last edited

May 2 2023 11:44AM